Specimen radiography, as the name implies, refers to the technique of x-ray imaging of tissue specimens. It is widely used to ensure the adequacy of surgical removal of a tumor tissue. It is also used to take images of surgically excised and needle-core biopsies in mammography, radiology, pathology or surgery.
Specimen Radiography in breast cancer surgery
A very particular and most widely used application of this x-ray based imaging technique is in the context of non- palpable breast lesions.
In a conventional case, the radiologist identifies the malignancy during a routine screening or diagnostic mammography, usually from microcalcifications present inside the malignancy and mark it for the surgeon by noting dimensions about the location of the tumor inside the breast or by passing a guide wire into the lesion. The surgeons removes the lesion according to the directions or following the needle or guide-wire and sends the tissue to the pathologist who examines the tissue by slicing frozen section or fixing into a paraffin block. The pathologist looks whether the specimen has malignant tissue in it if it is for biopsy alone, and if it is an excision biopsy, the pathologist sees whether there is enough tumor-free border around the malignancy. If the results are negative, the surgeon has to revision surgery.
With the advent of specimen radiography, the excised specimen is radiographed immediately in the operating room and the images are immediately send to radiologist for review while the tissue specimen are send to the histology. Thus it saves time and increases quality of the procedure.
Nowadays the primary use the procedure is as a valuable tool to ensure the complete removal of a known malignant, non-palpable breast lesion rather than minimal excision of breast tissue for diagnosis. Therefore, sometimes it requires placement of multiple markers like needles, wires and brackets to mark the compete extent of the lesion. Here specimen radiography is used also to make sure that all the markers are removed.
Specimen Radiography System
A specimen radiography system system is usually a compact, self-contained, shielded x-ray system, more like a closed box which is designed to take images of surgically excised and needle-core biopsies.
An ideal specimen radiography system is easy to operate and has a small x-ray source which can focus x-rays and adjustable sample positioning capability which helps to take accurate images of the tissue.
It also provide variable magnification of the tissue and most systems has additional image enhancement software tools like peripheral equalization, calcification enhancement etc to increase the clarity and quality of images. No x-ray shielding is required as the whole system is a compact x-ray shielded system by itself. Depending on the system, it provides images on radiographic x-ray film or DICOM compliant digital images.
Various specimen radiography systems available in the market includes BioVISION and CoreVISION from Bioptics Inc., Faxitron DX-50 from Faxitron, XPERT 20 from KUB Technologies Inc etc.
A very particular and most widely used application of this x-ray based imaging technique is in the context of non- palpable breast lesions.
In a conventional case, the radiologist identifies the malignancy during a routine screening or diagnostic mammography, usually from microcalcifications present inside the malignancy and mark it for the surgeon by noting dimensions about the location of the tumor inside the breast or by passing a guide wire into the lesion. The surgeons removes the lesion according to the directions or following the needle or guide-wire and sends the tissue to the pathologist who examines the tissue by slicing frozen section or fixing into a paraffin block. The pathologist looks whether the specimen has malignant tissue in it if it is for biopsy alone, and if it is an excision biopsy, the pathologist sees whether there is enough tumor-free border around the malignancy. If the results are negative, the surgeon has to revision surgery.
With the advent of specimen radiography, the excised specimen is radiographed immediately in the operating room and the images are immediately send to radiologist for review while the tissue specimen are send to the histology. Thus it saves time and increases quality of the procedure.
Nowadays the primary use the procedure is as a valuable tool to ensure the complete removal of a known malignant, non-palpable breast lesion rather than minimal excision of breast tissue for diagnosis. Therefore, sometimes it requires placement of multiple markers like needles, wires and brackets to mark the compete extent of the lesion. Here specimen radiography is used also to make sure that all the markers are removed.
Specimen Radiography System
A specimen radiography system system is usually a compact, self-contained, shielded x-ray system, more like a closed box which is designed to take images of surgically excised and needle-core biopsies.
An ideal specimen radiography system is easy to operate and has a small x-ray source which can focus x-rays and adjustable sample positioning capability which helps to take accurate images of the tissue.
It also provide variable magnification of the tissue and most systems has additional image enhancement software tools like peripheral equalization, calcification enhancement etc to increase the clarity and quality of images. No x-ray shielding is required as the whole system is a compact x-ray shielded system by itself. Depending on the system, it provides images on radiographic x-ray film or DICOM compliant digital images.
Various specimen radiography systems available in the market includes BioVISION and CoreVISION from Bioptics Inc., Faxitron DX-50 from Faxitron, XPERT 20 from KUB Technologies Inc etc.
You don't have to go through the misery of using chemo and radiation to fight cancer, like my two sisters did. They were 45 and 52 years of age when they died. They both found out about the same time. The 45 years old lived 2 years after she found out. She went through the chemo and a year later it came back in her lungs and liver. The 52 year old lived 5 years. The cancer came back in her bones. She did more chemo and a year later came back as a tumor in her brain. I truly feel the chemo and radiation really killed them, not the cancer. If you make your body alkaline, cancer cannot live in your body. How do you do that? Vinegar and honey in a glass of water. Vinegar changes to beta carotene when it enters the body I read sometime back if you take Vitamin. E, C and beta carotene every day, you wont get cancer Another source of information can be found my typing in The Doctor Who Cured Cancer. There is a lot of information to be found in his book. It also talks about how to make your body alkalide. I feel that this book about the doctor who cured cancer has a lot of good advice to anyone that has cancer and very easy to understand. I don't believe anyone should have to get sick to get well. How does a sick body heal itself, when chemo and radiation tear it down. |
Breast cancer is one of the leading killer cancers for women. There is as much need for the cure for breast cancer as the need for emotional bolstering. Everyone needs to educate themselves about this disease. What is breast cancer? This is a type of cancer that begins in the breast cells. It is more common in women, but can also happen to men. Women between ages 45 and 55 are more prone to this disease. What are the symptoms? The first tell-tale symptoms are a lump that can be felt in that area that is different from the tissues that comprise the breast. There might also be changes in the size and appearance of the breast. It might look dimply with inverted nipples that have fluid discharges. If there is an inflammation, there might be pain, a warm sensation, redness and swelling in that area. What are the causes? In truth there are many factors that can trigger this. Age seems to play a key role, especially to the women past the childbearing age. Other than that, factors such as gender, hormones, diet, obesity, radiation can contribute to the progress of this disease. Genetics also play a vital role. Those who have a history of this disease in their family are more likely to develop it after the childbearing age. What are the treatments? There are many clinical treatments used to treat this condition. Depending on the stage of this disease, your doctor may prescribe you with a series of treatments. It also follows a series of medications. ILT or Interstitial laser thermotherapy is a new method today that can treat this problem without surgically removing it. Another treatment is with the use of radiation therapy which can destroy the cancer cells. It inhibits the development of the bad cells in the future by 50 to 66%. Many women have not singled out the treatments for this disease. They have tried many different ways to help them with their condition. Natural cure for breast cancer is one of these alternative treatments. First, try to adapt a non-carcinogenic diet. There have been many reliable accounting that reports an almost miraculous healing on their health. These women have been eating more fruits and vegetables rather than meaty and fatty foods. Supplementing with vitamins and minerals has also been proven effective. Ingesting omega-3 supplements has been very effective in either keeping the cancer cells at bay or inhibiting its growth. Omega-3 essential fatty acids DHA and EPA can be taken from fishes. They are the most abundant source of these nutrients so it is a big help to take fish oil supplements. There are herbal remedies that are purported to help this problem as well. Dong quai, for one, can help normalize the production of hormones. Black Cohosh has similar benefits. To help women live a better quality life, there is a natural product that can supplement lost energy. This product is called Fatigue Fighter. This product can improve the vivacity and the strength of a person suffering from this disease. It can also improve the health of the immune system to hinder the possibility of complications. This product will enable the person to still perform well physically without feeling fatigued. This is safe to use because it only uses natural ingredients such as Siberian Ginseng, olive leaf extract and centella asiatica. With all the success stories of women who have tried natural treatments, I think experts should consider doing a bit more research on this method instead of always finding severe methods to kill the cancer cells. The cure for breast cancer is extensive. It is important to keep an open heart and mind over the many possible treatments that can send you on your way to recovery. |
The Food Matters Cancer Learning Program made sense to me as soon as I listened to the first 23.5 FREE minutes of its video program. It talks about the anti-oxidants that come from fruits and vegetables, and explains why this is all you need to do to reverse cancer of any form. Breast cancer starts from malignancy. That is a chunk of cancer cells accumulating in the chest cavity and spreading. So what do you do? You eat right! You stop completely all that chips, red meat, processed food, too much salt, any deep fried food, pizzas, take away and so on. You start cooking at home with fresh ingredients you buy at the super market. you start making your self a lot of vegetable juice, fruit juice and eat fresh salads. Sprout your own at home, or buy sprouts at the store. And more Why Do I Tell You All That? The condition of our body is determine by what we eat and who we are. A person who lives life instantly will probably suffer a chronic disease. Instantly means going to the store and buying a pre-made meal, take away, chips, or what ever instant food may be. You do not know how they cooked it, how clean their commercial kitchen is, what are (really) their hygiene regulations and do they actually follow it, when did they last changed the oil they cook in, is it the right oil for cooking? How Food Can Cause Cancer: Cancer starts from free radicals. Breast cancer or any other type of cancer stems from free radicals entering our body. They are every where. The air we breath has oxygen in it. Oxygen will oxidize our body, it brings free radicals into it. Smoke, where ever that maybe, has a lot of free radicals. If you are at home sitting by the fire you will inevitably breath in some of it, The smoke from your BBQ is toxic and contain free radicals, cars exhausts, factory chimneys, etc. all smoking free radicals. Because we live in such an industrial age, we inevitably breath a portion of that smoke with its free radicals. In my next article I will lay out to you what does free radicals do inside our body to our cells, and why anti-oxidants are the only solution for that. Chronic diseases are chronic because it is not curable for 6 months or more. That means you did no t eat properly and exposed your body to toxic environment. It is that simple and that is why the solution is also very simple. |
